When detailing how tie rods connect to the retaining wall it is important to consider the effect of fill settlement upon the tie bar and any installation tolerances that may occur. Anker Schroeder recommend that where possible all tie bar connections have the capability to articulate, particularly those to the structure.
Ralf Römermann
Forces are transferred from the sheet pile to the anchor bar through waling sections that run the length of the wall. At the front wall these are normally placed behind the wall (i.e. earth side) and at the anchor wall the non-bearing side.
Sheet pile loads are transferred to the waling via waling bolts, then to the tie bar by a spherical bearing plate and nut. The connection is placed inside the pan giving greater corrosion protection.
Sheet pile loads are transferred directly to the tie bar. This has the advantage that less waling bolts are required, but the anchor connection is placed outside the wall in the aggressive corrosion zone
Tie bar forces are transferred directly to the anchor wall via the waling. Generally waling bolts are not required.
Sheet pile loads are transferred directly to the tie bar. This has the advantage that less waling bolts are required, but the tie bar head connection is placed outside the wall in the aggressive corrosion zone.
Anchor forces are generally high and articulated connections are recommended to minimize bending at the connection. Articulation can be provided that allows movement in the vertical direction or in all directions.
A short tie bar with a forged eye bar is cast into the tube transferring forces to the centre of the tube. The main tie bars are attached to the cast-in bar via link plates allowing articulation in the vertical direction.
A fabricated T-Plate is cast into the tube transferring forces to the centre of the tube. Forged eye tie bars are attached to the T-connector via a pin allowing articulation in the vertical direction.
A machined ‘spherical connector is cast into the tube transferring forces to the centre of the tube. Forged spherical anchor bars are connected to the box allowing articulation in both the vertical & horizontal directions.
Alignment between the front wall and anchor wall connection points is critical. Simple articulated tie bar connections allow easy casting into the wall without difficult interruption to formwork and allow easy tie bar connection once the wall has cured. Articulated joints are strongly recommended to aid installation. Tie bar connections available are the same as for steel tubes above.
Machined and factory welded tension plates are placed either side of the HZ-M web and passed through burnt holes in the flange. Forces are transferred from the transition radius of the HZ-M to the forged eye tie bar through a pin connection and articulation in the vertical plane is possible.
A factory welded tension beam is placed bearing on HZ-M flanges close to the web and tension plates passed through burnt holes in the flange. Forces are transferred to the tie bar through a pin connection and articulation in the vertical plane is possible.
ASDO have supplied 160 tonnes of upset forged tie rods, M140/115 and M120/115. ASDO460 which were up to 29m long with full articulation at connections to piles and…
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